High-pressure gas-burner.



PATENTED .TAN` 23, 1906. W. KIRKWOOD. HIGH PRESSURE GAS BURNER.

APPLIOATION FILED MAR. 13, 1905.

PATENT oEEroE.

WILLIAM- KIRKVVOOD,'- OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

HIGH-PRESSURE GAS-BURNER.

Specification .of Letters Patent.

Application nea umh' 13,1905. serial No. 249,894. v

To all whom, it may concern.- Y Be it known that I, WILLIAM KrRKwooD, a

citizen of the United States, residing at .Chi-

cago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented certainnew and useful Improvements in High-Pressure Gras-Burners, of which thefollowing is a s ecific'ation;

My invention relates to gasurners, and has reference more particularlyto that type of burner' commonly employed for -brazing and solderinpurposes, W erein'hydrogen Vor other gas is urned in. a jet form underconsiderable-y pressure, the gas uniting with the air at the point 'ofthe burner and forming a lame'ofhigh calorific intensity.

It is found in practice that where the gas is burned under a pressureexceeding tento twelve `pounds with. the ordinar type of burnerat resentinuse it is difcu t to maintain the ame ignited, the gas issuing'fromthe tip'of the burner at a speed exceeding the rate of combustion, andthus causing the extinction vof the burning jet.

The leading object of my invention is to eliminate this-defect andpermit the gas to be burned under a relatively high pressure, such asthirty to forty pounds, while still maintaining the constancy and.integrity of the jet. struction of burner whichprovides, in conjunctionwith the main j'et, a constant or permanently-burning pilot-light vinthe immediate vicinity of the main jet, which serves to keep the latterconstantly ignited.

Another object of the invention is to rovide a burner of the classdescribed W 'ch may conveniently and efficiently be employedinsituations more or less difficult of access, where the supply of air atthe discharge-orifice of the burner would ordinarily be insufficient tomaintain the Bunsen flame.

Topthis end another feature ofm'y invention. consists in a constructionof burner which permits the intake of an air-supply at a oint relativelyremote from the tip of the burner and the mixing ofthe air with the gasprior to the discharge of the latter from the ti PA practical form'inwhich my invention may be embodied is illustrated in the accompanyingdrawings, wherein `Figure 1 1s a longitudinal central sectional view.Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view on the line 2 2 of Fig. 1, and Fig. 3is a cross-sec` tional view on the line 3 3 of Referring to thedrawings, 5 esignates the This object I accomplish through a con-.

` stem or shank portion of the burner-tube;v yvhich has a reducedportion 6, both of vsaid parts being axially bored to provide a longi- 1tudinal gas-'duct 7, extending entirely there#v Patented Jan. 23, v1906.

through. Integral with or secured vto the stem 5v is an annular branch8, having 'an axial duct 9, receiving a supply of hydrogen or other gasunder high pressure through a tube 10, having a screw-threaded or otherconnection with the branch 8, as shown. .The outercnd portion of thetube 6 is tapered or beveled toward the tip, as shown at 11.

The opposite end of the stem or shank 5 is closed by a gland 12, throughwhich is inserted a confining-packing 13 against the end of 1 the tubeand around anaXially-bored insert# ed cap 14, which constitutes asupport for the rear end of a needlevalve 15, that extends entirelythrough thebore ofthe gastube 6 and its stem or shank '5. Said needle-vvalve is of` slightly less diameter than the in-V ternal diameterof thebore ofthe gas-tube,

thereby providing an annular gas passage-v 'Away around said valve,which passage-way 1s in free communication at its inn'er or lower endwith the gas-duct 9 of the branch 8. The

needle-valve15 may have a fine axial bore l 16 extending entirelytherethrough, said bore. serving as a central ain-supply for theneedlevalve in some instances and being closedorcut out of use when notrequired by means of i a capv 17 applied to the rear end thereof.

To the stem or shank 5 of the gas-tube and entirely surrounding thereduced outer portion 6 thereof is an outer tube 1'8, said outer tubebeing preferably connected to vthestem 5 by 'an ordinary screw-threadedjoint, as.

shown, permitting the easy longitudinal' adjustment thereof'and at itsouter end having a portion 19, preferably of reduced diameter, whichterminates in-a ltapered or beveled end portion 20, surrounding andsubstantially parallel with the beveled or tapered end 1 1 of f the tube6. p Through this tapered end portion 20 of the tube 18, atpointssubstantially opposite or slightly in advance of the end of thetube 6-and its contained needle-valve,

are formedtwo4 or more lateral apertures' ,21. The tube 18 is kalsopreferably'proroo vided at a oint relatively remote from the' Y tip ofthe urner and adjacent'to its connection to the shank 5 with two or morelateral apertures 22, designed for the admisslon of air in the man erandunder the circum' stances hereinafte described, which air-ad-fmission may be 'wholly or partially-out off when not required by meansof a sleeve 23,

surroundin the tube-18 and having a screwthreaded siding adjustmentthereover, as shown. The reduced portion 19 ofthe tube 18 is alsoexternally threaded to receive a shortvsleeve 24, surroundin 4thebeveled or tapered end portion 20 of t e tube 18,V said sleeve 24 alsobeing correspondingly beveled or tapered where it surrounds said taperedendof the tube 18, as indicated at'25. It

will be observed that the tube 18 and sur-,

rounding sleeve ,24 extend some little dis- "tance beyond the ends ofthe inner gas-conducting tube 6 and its contained 'needlevalve 15.

The burner of my invention is capable of o erating either on theBunsen-ameprincip e, wherein the gas is mixed with ,air ata oint behindor in rear of the discharge-orice, or on the principle of theatmospheric burner, wherein the airunites with the gas at the tip ordischarging-point of the burner.

v`When operating in either way, however, my improved burner provides inassociationwith the main gas-jet, which is under a relatively highpressure, an auxiliary jet adjacent thereto of relatively reducedpressure, which latter is continuously burning whenv the burner is inoperation and Servesin the capacity of a continuously-ignitedpilot-light,

maintaining the main jet in an ignited condition. This is eected in theapparatus described in the following manner z' The gas passin throughthe annular conduit 7 around theva ve issues through theoutwardly-convergent end 20 of the tube 18, and in so doing,

by reason of the great expansibility ofthe gas and thecontinuously-contracting character of the discharge-passage, a portionof said gas passes at a less pressure through the lateral apertures 21into the annular conical passa eway between the parts 20 and 25, there ycreating` a fringe of flame entirely surrounding the main jet, whichannular flame when ignited maintains itself in a constant burningcondition, owing to the reduction of the pressure of the gas suppliedthereto, this reduction occurring partly by reason of the relativelyincreased size of the conduit and partly by reason of theincreasedfriction of the gas a ainst the walls of the conduit. Thisannular inge or jet serves to maintain the main jet constantly burning,thus permittingl air mingles with thegas at the point where thelatter'leaves the end of the gas-tube 6, thereby producing the intenseBunsen flame at the tip of the burner. In this case more or less o f theair thus drawn in commingles with the gas escaping through theapertures21, thereby producing an annular pilot-flame of similarcharacter. Thislast-described feature, while not essential to the efiiciency of' theburner when employed in entirely open and unobstructed situations,wherein there is a free and ready air-supply at the tip of the burner,is nevertheless of value and importance where the flame hasvto beintroduced into holes, sockets, angles, or other recesses, where theair-supply at the tip of the burner fis somewhat limited.' Where itisdesirable to still further increase the air-supply to the burner, theneedle-valve 15 is provided with an axial bore, as shown, and byremoving the cap 17 a certain volume of air is alsodrawn in by the gasfrom this source. Obviously the supply of air for the Bunsen flame mayin the construction 4shown be taken wholly through the openings .22 orlthrough thel axial duct inthe needle-valve or through both. It. will beobserved as constituting -an im vportant'practical advantage of thedevice shown and described that all of the several parts which controlthe flow of both the gas and the air, as well as their mixture at thepoint of the burner, are ca able of relative adjustment, so as to effectt e flow and mixture in the'desired degrees 'and proportions to give aflame of the intensity desired or required for e'achparticular. use ofthe device. When the device is used with the internal air- 'supply, thesleeve y18 will be screwed well forward, so as to carry thegas-discharge ti' andl its contained needle-valve relatively wel back of'the discharge-orifice of the burnertip in order to permit a throughcommingling of the air and gas and the passage of a 4por-tion thereof atreduced pressure through the. lateral ports 21 and the annularpassage-wa therefrom to the tip of the burner. In t 's connection itshould also be noted-that-by screwin the sleeve 24 or out relatively tothe tu e 18, on which it is mounted, the outer end of said sleevedetermines the size of the annular orifice supplying 'the gas or mixturefor the pilot-frame, thus constituting, in eect, a controlling-valve,and bysthis simple manipulation the size ofthe-pilot-flame can be easilycontrolled.

It 1sevident that the construction as hereinabove described, and shown`in the drawings, might be considerably modified and vvaried by th'oseAskilled in the art without departing from'the real spirit o f theinvention i or sacrificing I claim- Y i 1. `A burner for highfpress'uregas, comprising an axially-bored burnertube, a sleeve surrounding saidtube and having one or more any of the advantages thereof.

IOO

IIO

lateral apertures substantiall opposite the tip of the latter, saidsleeve `gleipg provided with means for directinga part'of the gasthrough said apertures, and an outer sleeve surrounding the end of saidfirst-named sleeve and providing in conjunction with the latter a burnerfor an annular pilot-flame for the main jet, substantially as described.

2. A- burner for lhigh-pressure gas, coinprising an axially-boredburner-tube, a sleeve surrounding said tube, said sleeve having one ormore lateral 'apertures substantially opposite the tip of theburner-tube and also one or more lateral air-entraining apertures inrear thereof and being so formed vas to direct a portion of the gasthrough said first-named alpertures, and an outer sleeve surrounding t eend of said first-named sleeve and providing in conjunction Wi th thelatter a burner for an annular pilot-dame for the main jet,substantially as described.

3'. A burner for high-pressure gas, comprising an axially-boredburner-tube having a contracted tip, a sleeve surrounding said tube andhaving a contracted end surrounding said tip, said sleeve having oneormore lateral apertures substantially opposite the tip of theburner-tube and also one or more lateral air-entraining apertures inrear thereof,

annular pilot-flame for the main j et substantially as described.

`4. A burner for high-pressure gas, cornprising an axiallyboredburner-tube having a contracted tip, a needle-valve in said burnertube,a sleeve surrounding said tube and having acontracted end surroundingsaid tip, said sleeve having one or more lateral aperturesvsubstantially opposite the tip of the burner-tube and also one or morelateral airentraining apertures in rear thereof, an outer sleevesecuredto said last-namedsleeve, and having a contractedend portion surroundingthe contracted end portion of the latter to provide in conjunctiontherewith an annular pilot-flame for the main jet, and a sleevecontrolling said air entraining apertures, said tube and sleeves beinglongitudinally adjustable relatively to 'each other, substantially asdescribed.

WiLLIAM KIRKWooD.

